Ubuntu 14.04 Server Initials Configuration

 

Initial Configurations

Before you install any other application on fresh ubuntu server installation, it's best to do this thing or known this first.

Add User to Ubuntu

trusty@dlp:~$sudo adduser ubuntu     # add a user "ubuntu"

[sudo] password for trusty:                  # own password

Adding user `ubuntu' ...
Adding new group `ubuntu' (1001) ...
Adding new user `ubuntu' (1001) with group `ubuntu' ...
Creating home directory `/home/ubuntu' ...
Copying files from `/etc/skel' ...
Enter new UNIX password:                  # set password for a user
Retype new UNIX password:                # confirm
passwd: password updated successfully
Changing the user information for ubuntu
Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default

                Full Name []: # if not needed, Enter with empty

                Room Number []:

                Work Phone []:

                Home Phone []:

                Other []:

                Is the information correct? [Y/n] y

trusty@dlp:~$

Enabling root User

By default root access in ubuntu is disabled because his password has not set yet, to do that follow this step.

trusty@dlp:~$ sudo passwd root
Enter new UNIX password:               # set root password
Retype new UNIX password:             # confirm
passwd: password updated successfully
trusty@dlp:~$ su -
Password:                                          # root password
root@dlp:~#                                     # just switched to root account

Setup IP Address

root@dlp:~# vim /etc/network/interfaces

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

# The loopback network interface

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth0                             # The primary network interface

#iface eth0 inet dhcp          # Comment out

# add these lines

iface eth0 inet static
address 10.0.0.30                # define IP address
network 10.0.0.0                 # define network address
netmask 255.255.255.0       # define subnet mask
broadcast 10.0.0.255          # define broadcast address
gateway 10.0.0.1                 # define default gateway
dns-nameservers 10.0.0.10 # define name server

# Save and quit with shift+: q [Enter]

root@dlp:~# ifdown eth0 && ifup eth0

Disabled IPV6

root@dlp:~# echo "net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

root@dlp:~# sysctl -p

root@dlp:~# ifconfig   

Update the System

root@dlp:~# aptitude update      # Update list

Ign http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com trusty InRelease
Ign http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates InRelease
Ign http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports InRelease

.....
.....

root@dlp:~# aptitude -y upgrade # Upgrade

# or you can use this command

root@dlp:~# apt-get update && apt-get upgrade -y

VIM Installation

Vim is a text editor with more convenience than the default vi in ubuntu.

root@dlp:~# apt-get install vim -y

Sudo Install & Configuration

Sudo is a tools that enable users to do admin or root command and also can be use to separate privileges each user on the system.

root@dlp:~# apt-get install sudo -y

Grant root privileges to users trusty

root@dlp:~# visudo

# add at the last: user 'trusty' can use all root privilege

trusty ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

# how to write ⇒ destination host=(owner) command

# push 'Ctrl + x' key to quit visudo

# make sure with user 'trusty'

trusty@dlp:~$ /sbin/shutdown -r now
shutdown: Need to be root     # denied normally

trusty@dlp:~$ sudo /sbin/shutdown -r now

[sudo] password for trusty:    # trusty's password

Broadcast message from root@dlp
        (/dev/pts/0) at 17:33 ...

The system is going down for reboot NOW!